Igikoresho nikimwe mubice byingenzi mugutunganya ibikoresho byimashini.Hamwe niterambere ryubumenyi nubuhanga, igikoresho cyahindutse kiva mubikoresho byumwimerere bivangwa nigikoresho gikoreshwa cyane.Gusubiramo no kongera gutwikira karbide ya sima hamwe nibikoresho byihuta byihuta nibikorwa bisanzwe kurubu.Nubwo igiciro cyibikoresho bisubiramo cyangwa kwisubiramo ari agace gato k'igiciro cyo gukora ibikoresho bishya, birashobora kongera igihe cyibikoresho kandi bikagabanya igiciro cyo gukora.Gusubiramo inzira nuburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura ibikoresho bidasanzwe cyangwa ibikoresho bihenze.Ibikoresho bishobora guhindurwa cyangwa gusubirwamo birimo bits ya drill, gukata urusyo, hobs hamwe nibikoresho byo gukora.
Igikoresho cyo gusubiramo
Muburyo bwo gusubiramo ibyuma cyangwa gusya, birakenewe gusya inkombe kugirango ukureho umwimerere wambere, bityo uruziga rwo gusya rukoreshwa rugomba kugira ubukana buhagije.Mbere yo gutunganya ibice byo guca inyuma ni ngombwa cyane.Ntabwo ari nkenerwa gusa kwemeza ko imiterere ya geometrike yumwimerere yo gukata ishobora kugumana burundu kandi neza nyuma yigikoresho gisubirwamo, ariko kandi bisaba ko igikoresho cya PVD kigomba kuba "umutekano" kugirango gisubiremo.Kubwibyo, birakenewe kwirinda gusya bidafite ishingiro (nko gusya bikabije cyangwa gusya byumye, aho ubuso bwigikoresho bwangiritse kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi).
Gukuraho igifuniko
Mbere yuko igikoresho gisubirwamo, imyenda yose yumwimerere irashobora gukurwaho hakoreshejwe imiti.Uburyo bwo kuvanaho imiti bukoreshwa kenshi mubikoresho bigoye (nka hobs na broaches), cyangwa ibikoresho bifite recoating nyinshi nibikoresho bifite ibibazo biterwa no gutwikira.Uburyo bwo kuvana imiti yimiti isanzwe igarukira gusa kubikoresho byihuta byihuta, kubera ko ubu buryo bwangiza insimburangingo ya karbide ya sima: uburyo bwo kuvana imiti ya shitingi izungurura cobalt ivuye muri sima ya karbide ya sima, bikavamo ubwinshi bwubuso bwa substrate, gushiraho imyenge ningorane zo kwisubiramo.
"Uburyo bwo gukuraho imiti bwatoranijwe mu gukuraho ruswa ikuraho ibyuma bikomeye ku byuma byihuta."Kubera ko matrike ya karbide ya sima irimo ibice bigize imiti bisa nibiri muri coating, imiti ikuraho imiti irashobora kwangiza matrike ya karbide ya sima kuruta matrike yihuta.
Mubyongeyeho, hari uburyo bwa chimique bwatanzwe muburyo bukwiye bwo gukuraho PVD.Muri ubu buryo bwa chimique, habaho imiti mike gusa hagati yumuti wo gukuraho coating na matrix ya karbide ya sima, ariko ubu buryo ntabwo bwakoreshejwe henshi.Byongeye kandi, hari ubundi buryo bwo guhanagura igifuniko, nko gutunganya lazeri, guturika guturika, nibindi. Uburyo bwo kuvana imiti nuburyo bukunze kugaragara, kuko bushobora gutanga uburinganire bwiza bwo kuvanaho hejuru.
Kugeza ubu, uburyo busanzwe bwo kwisubiramo ni ugukuraho umwimerere wigikoresho ukoresheje inzira yo kwisubiraho.
Ubukungu bwo kwisubiraho
Ibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa ni TiN, TiC na TiAlN.Ibindi bikoresho bya superhard nitrogen / karbide nabyo byakoreshejwe, ariko ntibisanzwe.Ibikoresho bya diyama ya PVD birashobora kandi guhindurwa no gusubirwamo.Mugihe cyo kongera gutwikira, igikoresho "kizarindwa" kugirango birinde kwangirika hejuru.
Ibi bikunze kugaragara: nyuma yo kugura ibikoresho bidafunze, abayikoresha barashobora kubitwikira mugihe bakeneye guhindukira, cyangwa bagashiraho impuzu zitandukanye kubikoresho bishya cyangwa ibikoresho bisubira inyuma.
Imipaka yo kwisubiramo
Nkuko igikoresho gishobora kuzenguruka inshuro nyinshi, gukata igikoresho nabyo bishobora gutwikirwa inshuro nyinshi.Urufunguzo rwo kunoza imikorere yibikoresho ni ukubona igifuniko gifatanye neza hejuru yigikoresho cyagiye kigaruka.
Usibye gukata, igice gisigaye cyibikoresho ntigishobora gukenera gutwikirwa cyangwa gusubirwamo mugihe cyose cyo gusya igikoresho, bitewe n'ubwoko bw'igikoresho hamwe n'ibipimo byo gukata bikoreshwa mugutunganya.Hobs na broach nibikoresho bigomba gukuraho igifuniko cyumwimerere mugihe cyo kwisubiramo, bitabaye ibyo imikorere yibikoresho ikagabanuka.Mbere yuko ikibazo cya adhesion cyatewe no guhangayika kigaragara, igikoresho gishobora gusubirwamo inshuro nke udakuyeho igishishwa gishaje.Nubwo igipfundikizo cya PVD gifite impungenge zisigaye zifasha gukata ibyuma, uyu muvuduko uziyongera hamwe no kwiyongera kwubunini bwa coating, kandi igifuniko kizatangira gusenyuka nyuma yo kurenza urugero ntarengwa.Iyo usubiramo udakuyeho igifuniko gishaje, umubyimba wongewe kumurambararo winyuma wigikoresho.Kubitoza bito, bivuze ko diameter yumwobo igenda iba nini.Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe ko harebwa ingaruka zubunini bwinyongera bwa coater kuri diameter yo hanze yigikoresho, kimwe ningaruka zombi zihanganira kurwego rwa diameter yimashini ikozwe.
Imyitozo ya biti irashobora gutwikirwa inshuro 5 kugeza 10 idakuyeho igishishwa gishaje, ariko nyuma yacyo, izahura nibibazo bikomeye.Dennis Klein, visi perezida w’ibikoresho byihariye, yizeraga ko umubyimba w’ububiko utazaba ikibazo mu ikosa rya ± 1 µ m;Ariko, mugihe ikosa riri murwego rwa 0.5 ~ 0.1 µ m, hagomba gusuzumwa ingaruka zububiko.Igihe cyose umubyimba wububiko utabaye ikibazo, ibikoresho byasubiwemo kandi bigaruka bishobora kugira imikorere myiza kurenza iyambere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-24-2023