1.Gukata ibikoresho ibikoresho
Ibikoresho bisanzwe mubikoresho byo gusya birimo: ibyuma byihuta cyane, ifu ya metallurgie ibyuma byihuta, karbide ya sima, PCD, CBN, cermet nibindi bikoresho bya superhard.Ibikoresho byihuta byibyuma birakaze kandi bifite ubukana bwiza, mugihe ibikoresho bya karbide bifite ubukana bwinshi ariko gukomera.Ubucucike bwibikoresho bya sima ya sima biri hejuru cyane ugereranije nibikoresho byuma byihuta.Ibi bikoresho byombi nibikoresho byingenzi byo gucukura, reamers, gusya hamwe na kanda.Imikorere ya powder metallurgie yihuta yicyuma iri hagati yibikoresho bibiri byavuzwe haruguru, kandi ikoreshwa cyane cyane mugukora ibyuma bisya hamwe na kanda.
Ibikoresho byihuta byibyuma ntabwo byoroshye kugongana kubera gukomera kwabyo.Nyamara, ibikoresho bya sima ya sima bifite ubukana bwinshi nubugome, byumva cyane kugongana, kandi inkombe iroroshye gusimbuka.Kubwibyo, mugikorwa cyo gusya, birakenewe kwitonda cyane kubikorwa no gushyira ibikoresho bya sima ya sima kugirango birinde kugongana hagati yibikoresho cyangwa kugwa kubikoresho.
Kuberako ubusobanuro bwibikoresho byihuta byibyuma biri hasi cyane, ibyifuzo byabo byo gusya ntabwo biri hejuru, kandi nibiciro byabyo ntabwo biri hejuru, ababikora benshi bashiraho ibikoresho byabo bwite kugirango babisya.Nyamara, ibikoresho bya sima ya sima ikenera koherezwa mukigo cyumwuga cyo gusya.Ukurikije imibare y’ibigo byinshi byo gusya ibikoresho, ibice birenga 80% byibikoresho byoherejwe gusana ni ibikoresho bya sima ya sima.
2. Gukata ibikoresho byo gusya
Kuberako ibikoresho byibikoresho bigoye cyane, birashobora guhinduka gusa gusya.Gusya ibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa mugukora ibikoresho no gusya birimo ibi bikurikira:
(1).Imashini isunika: gusya igikoni cyangwa inyuma ya bits ya drill, urusyo rwanyuma nibindi bikoresho.
(2).Gusya kw'inguni: gusya impande zose (cyangwa inyuma ya eccentric inyuma) ya bito bito.
.
(4).Intoki zikoreshwa mubikoresho rusange: gusya uruziga rwo hanze, igikonjo, inyuma, inguni yo hejuru, impande zinyuranye, indege, isura yimbere, nibindi. Bikunze gukoreshwa mubikoresho bifite ubwinshi nuburyo bugoye.
(5).Imashini yo gusya ya CNC: muri rusange guhuza bitanu-axis, hamwe nibikorwa bigenwa na software.Ubusanzwe ikoreshwa mugusya ibikoresho bifite ubwinshi nibisabwa byuzuye, ariko ntibigoye, nkibikoresho byo gucukura, urusyo rwanyuma, reamers, nibindi. .
3.Gusya
(1).Ibice byangiza
Gusya ibiziga byangiza ibikoresho bitandukanye birakwiriye gusya ibikoresho bitandukanye.Ibice bitandukanye byigikoresho bisaba ubunini butandukanye bwo gukuramo kugirango habeho guhuza neza kurinda inkombe no gutunganya neza.
Alumina: ikoreshwa mu gusya ibikoresho bya HSS.Gusya uruziga ruhendutse kandi byoroshye guhindurwa muburyo butandukanye bwo gusya ibikoresho bigoye (corundum).
Carbide ya silicon: ikoreshwa mugukosora uruziga rwa CBN hamwe na diyama yo gusya.
CBN (cubic boron carbide): ikoreshwa mugusya ibikoresho bya HSS.Igiciro kinini, ariko kiramba.
Ku rwego mpuzamahanga, gusya uruziga rugereranwa na B, nka B107, aho 107 igereranya ubunini bwa diameter ya abrasive
Diamond: Ikoreshwa mu gusya ibikoresho bya HM.Birahenze ariko biramba.
(2).Imiterere
Kugirango byorohereze gusya ibice bitandukanye byigikoresho, uruziga rusya rugomba kugira imiterere itandukanye.Ibikoreshwa cyane ni:
Uruziga rusya (1A1): gusya hejuru inguni, diameter yo hanze, inyuma, nibindi.
Uruziga rusya (12V9, 11V9): gusya uruziga ruzengurutse, uruhande runini kandi rufasha gukata impande zogusya, gutema impande zitambitse, nibindi
Nyuma yo gusya uruziga rukoreshwa mugihe runaka, imiterere yarwo (harimo indege, inguni na fillet R) igomba gukosorwa.Uruziga rusya rugomba gukoresha ibuye risukuye kugirango rukureho imitwe yuzuye hagati yintete zangiza kugirango zongere ubushobozi bwo gusya bwuruziga.
4.Gusya bisanzwe
Niba hari urutonde rwiza rwibikoresho byo gusya ni igipimo cyo gupima niba gusya ari umwuga.Muburyo bwo gusya, ibipimo bya tekiniki yo guca ku bikoresho bitandukanye mugihe ukata ibikoresho bitandukanye muri rusange birasobanuwe, harimo inguni ihindagurika, inguni yo hejuru, inguni yimbere, inguni yinyuma, chamfer, chamfer nibindi bipimo (muri karbide ya sima ya sima) , inzira yo gutambutsa inkombe yo gukata yitwa "chamfer", kandi ubugari bwa chamfer bujyanye nibikoresho bigomba gutemwa, muri rusange hagati ya 0.03-0.5Mm na 0.25Mm. Inzira yo gutombora kuruhande (igikoresho) yitwa "chamfer". Buri sosiyete yabigize umwuga ifite ibipimo byayo byo gusya byavuzwe mu myaka yashize.
Itandukaniro hagati ya HM bit na HSS bit:
HSS bit: inguni yo hejuru ni dogere 118, rimwe na rimwe irenga dogere 130;Icyuma kirakaze;Ibisabwa kugirango ubeho neza (itandukaniro ry'uburebure bw'icyuma, uburinganire, kwiruka kuzenguruka) ni bike.Hariho inzira nyinshi zo gusana icyuma gitambitse.
HM bit: inguni yo hejuru ni dogere 140;Imyitozo igororotse isanzwe ni dogere 130, naho imyitozo yimpande eshatu muri rusange ni dogere 150.Icyuma nisonga (kumpera) ntabwo bikarishye kandi akenshi birahinduka, cyangwa byitwa chamfer na chamfer;Birasaba ukuri gukomeye.Icyuma gitambitse gikunze kugabanywa muburyo bwa S kugirango byorohereze chip。
Inguni yinyuma: Inguni yinyuma yicyuma ningirakamaro cyane kubikoresho.Inguni yinyuma nini cyane, kandi icyuma kiroroshye gusimbuka no "gukubita";Niba inguni yinyuma ari nto cyane, guterana bizaba binini kandi gukata bizaba bibi.
Inguni yinyuma yigikoresho iratandukanye nibikoresho bigomba gutemwa nubwoko na diameter yigikoresho.Muri rusange, impande zinyuma zigabanuka hamwe no kwiyongera kwa diameter.Mubyongeyeho, niba ibikoresho byo gutemwa bigoye, inguni yinyuma izaba nto, bitabaye ibyo, inguni yinyuma izaba nini.
5.Ibikoresho byo gutema ibikoresho
Ibikoresho byo gutema ibikoresho bisanzwe bigabanyijemo ibyiciro bitatu: igikoresho cyo gushiraho ibikoresho, umushinga nigikoresho cyo gupima ibikoresho rusange.Igikoresho cyo gushiraho ibikoresho gikoreshwa cyane cyane mugutegura ibikoresho (nkuburebure) bwibikoresho bya CNC nkibigo bishinzwe imashini, ndetse no kumenya ibipimo nkinguni, radiyo, uburebure bwintambwe, nibindi;Imikorere ya umushinga nayo ikoreshwa mugutahura ibipimo nkinguni, radiyo, uburebure bwintambwe, nibindi, ariko, bibiri byavuzwe haruguru ntibishobora gupima impande zinyuma yibikoresho.Igikoresho cyo gupima igikoresho rusange gishobora gupima byinshi mubipimo bya geometrike yibikoresho, harimo impande zinyuma.
Kubwibyo, ibikoresho byumwuga byo gusya bigomba kuba bifite ibikoresho byo gupima ibikoresho rusange.Nyamara, hari abatanga ibikoresho nkibi, kandi ku isoko hari ibicuruzwa by’Ubudage n’Ubufaransa.
6.Umutekinisiye
Ibikoresho byiza kandi bikenera abakozi gukora, kandi amahugurwa yabatekinisiye basya nimwe mubisanzwe bihuza cyane.Bitewe n’inganda zikora ibikoresho bisubira inyuma mu Bushinwa hamwe n’ubuke bukabije bw’amahugurwa y’imyuga na tekiniki, amahugurwa y’abatekinisiye basya ibikoresho ashobora gukemurwa n’ikigo ubwacyo.
7. Umwanzuro
Hamwe nibikoresho byo gusya, ibikoresho byo gupima nibindi byuma kimwe nubuziranenge bwo gusya, abatekinisiye basya hamwe nizindi software, gusya ibikoresho byuzuye birashobora gutangira.Bitewe nuburyo bugoye bwo gukoresha ibikoresho, ikigo cyumwuga cyo gusya kigomba guhindura mugihe cyo gusya ukurikije gahunda yo kunanirwa igikoresho cyo gusya, no gukurikirana ingaruka zikoreshwa.Ibikoresho byumwuga byo gusya bigomba guhora byerekana incamake kugirango igikoresho gisya neza kandi cyumwuga!
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-24-2023