Gukoresha ibikoresho byihuta byuma

Ibikoresho byihuta byuma bikoresho bigizwe ahanini nibice bibiri byibanze:Imwe muriyo ni karbide yicyuma (tungsten carbide, molybdenum carbide cyangwa carbide ya vanadium), itanga igikoresho cyo kurwanya neza;Iya kabiri ni matrike yicyuma ikwirakwijwe hafi yayo, ituma igikoresho kigira ubukana bwiza nubushobozi bwo gukuramo ingaruka no gukumira gucikamo ibice
Usanga ingano yubunini bwibyuma byihuta bifite ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere yibyuma byihuta.Nubwo kongera ubwinshi bwibyuma bya karbide mubyuma birashobora kunoza imyambarire yibikoresho, hamwe no kwiyongera kwa aliyumu, ingano ya karbide numubare wa agglomerate nayo iziyongera, ibyo bizagira ingaruka mbi cyane kubukomere y'ibyuma, kubera ko cluster nini ya karbide ishobora guhinduka vuba aho itangirira.Kubwibyo, ibihugu byamahanga byakoze ubushakashatsi hakiri kare kugirango bikurikirane ingano nziza yicyuma cyihuta.
Mu mpera z'imyaka ya za 1960, ifu ya metallurgie yihuta yo gukora ibyuma byihuta byatejwe imbere muri Suwede kandi byinjira ku isoko mu ntangiriro ya za 70.Iyi nzira irashobora kongeramo ibintu byinshi bivanze mubyuma byihuta bitarinze kwangiza imbaraga, ubukana cyangwa gusya kwibikoresho, kugirango igikoresho gifite ubukana bwinshi, kwihanganira kwambara cyane, gishobora gukuramo ingaruka zo guca, kandi gikwiriye gutunganywa cyane no gutema rimwe na rimwe gutunganya birashobora gukorwa.Ariko, irahuza ubukana bwiza bwibyuma byihuta hamwe no kwihanganira kwambara karbide ya sima.Bitewe no gukwirakwiza neza no guhuza ibice bya karbide muri powder metallurgie ibyuma byihuta cyane, imbaraga zayo nubukomezi biratera imbere cyane ugereranije nicyuma gisanzwe cyihuta gifite karbide imwe.Hamwe niyi nyungu, ifu ya metallurgie yihuta yibikoresho byibyuma birakwiriye cyane mugihe cyo gutunganya hamwe ningaruka nini zo gukata hamwe nigipimo kinini cyo gukuraho ibyuma (nko gukata flexure, gukata rimwe na rimwe, nibindi).Byongeye kandi, kubera ko imbaraga nubukomezi byifu ya metallurgie ibyuma byihuta bitazacogora nubwiyongere bwibintu bya karbide yicyuma, abakora ibyuma barashobora kongeramo ibintu byinshi byifashishwa mubyuma kugirango bongere imikorere yibikoresho.Muri icyo gihe, kubera ko umutungo wa tungsten (W) ari umutungo w’ibikorwa, kandi karbide ya sima ya kijyambere ikoresha umutungo wa tungsten ku bwinshi, ibyuma byihuta bya tungsten byihuta byabaye icyerekezo cyubushakashatsi bwihuse bwihuse niterambere.Icyuma cyihuta kirimo cobalt (HSS-Co) cyatejwe imbere ku bwinshi mu bihugu by’amahanga.Nyuma, byamenyekanye ku rwego mpuzamahanga ko ibyuma byihuta birimo cobalt irimo ibice birenga 2% bya cobalt byari ibyuma byihuta cyane (HSSE).Cobalt nayo igira uruhare rugaragara mugutezimbere imikorere yicyuma cyihuta.Irashobora guteza imbere karbide gushonga cyane muri matrix mugihe cyo kuzimya no gushyushya, kandi igakoresha imbaraga za matrix nyinshi kugirango irinde kwambara.Icyuma cyihuta cyane gifite ubukana bwiza, ubukana bwumuriro, kwambara birwanya no gusya.Cobalt yibigize cobalt isanzwe ibyuma byihuta kwisi mubisanzwe ni 5% na 8%.Kurugero, W2Mo9Cr4VCo8 (ikirango cyabanyamerika M42) kirangwa nibintu bike bya vanadium (1%), cobalt nyinshi (8%) hamwe nubushyuhe bwo kuvura ubushyuhe bwa 67-70HRC.Nyamara, uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura ubushyuhe nabwo bwakoreshejwe kugirango haboneke ubukana bwa 67-68HRC, butezimbere imikorere yayo yo gukata (cyane cyane gukata rimwe na rimwe) no kunoza ingaruka zikomeye.Cobalt yihuta cyane ibyuma birashobora gukorwa mubikoresho bitandukanye, bishobora gukoreshwa mugukata ibikoresho bigoye kumashini bifite ingaruka nziza.Kubera imikorere myiza yo gusya, irashobora gukorwa mubikoresho bigoye, bikoreshwa cyane mumahanga.Nyamara, Ubushinwa ntibufite umutungo wa cobalt, kandi igiciro cyibyuma byihuta bya cobalt bihenze, bikubye inshuro 5-8 icyuma gisanzwe cyihuta.